Knitting charts are very useful for showing knitters what to do without explaining every single instruction in words. They are a necessity for multi-colored knitting and are often used for knitting with cables or for lace patterns.
Chart knitting can be a little intimidating because it's not intuitive how to read a knitting chart. But once you understand it, it's really easy.
Knitting charts begin at the lower right-hand corner. The bottom row indicates the first row of knitting, and as your work your way up, each row of the chart illustrates the next row of knitting.
Instead of working each row as you see it from right to left, though, you start the second row with the first stitch on the far left side and work from left to right.
Continue working from right to left, left to right, right to left from the bottom to the top of the chart. When you reach the top and knit the last row, you're done.